VIRUS-THE MOST POWER FULL CREATURE OF COSMOS            

 

A VIRUS is present in all things like human, animals, plants and also affect them. A virus has been present on this earth for billions of years. which is smaller than bacteria only 10 times greater than an atom, and 10,000 times small than hair.

                                                               

A virus is inanimate. They are different from bacteria. A virus can  reproduce itself only when they come to contact with any healthy cell. A virus can not convert food into energy. A virus is a collection of complex organic matter. A virus has self-replication ability( the ability to make a replica of yourself). 

A virus has a protein shell, in this shell virus's genetic material( DNA or RNA )is present. Apart from this, there are also some special ENZYMES present inside the protein shell of the virus. In other words, Virus is a piece of genetic information in which double or single-strand  DNA or RNA is present.

A virus cannot replicate itself, so the growth of itself and for replication, Virus uses the cell as a host. A cell is a fundamental unit of life, A cell does not only create a protein and replicate the DNA but also stores some important resources for us. A cell makes TISSUES together and these tissues form an ORGAN. And, all of these organs together build the human body .

when a virus( which contains genetic material) comes into contact with the cell then the virus leaves its genetic material inside the cell, In such a way cell is infected by a virus, after this with the help of self-replication virus infects the other cells as well.

A virus can leave its genetic material inside the cell in many ways. sometimes virus leaves their genetic material inside the cell from outside and sometimes the whole virus enters inside the cell. After entering inside the cell, the virus first captures the cell's protein-making machine( RIBOSOMES) and DNA-replicating system, and after this virus forms its replica with help of this system, this machine creates thousands of new viruses, after this these new viruses infect the other new cell and again repeat the replication process .

A virus is not only affecting humans, animals, plants but also affects bacteria, and sometimes one virus affects another virus. For billions of years, there has been a war between bacteria and viruses on this earth in which the virus always wins. The virus kills the bacteria like it destroys the cell.

                                                   

SHAPE OF VIRUS:-

Viruses found in mainly four shapes

1) ICOSAHEDRAL VIRUSES

             2) SPHERICAL/ENVELOP VIRUSE  

3) HELICAL VIRUSES           

4)COMPLEX VIRUSES           

1) ICOSAHEDRAL VIRUSES-                                                                              

This type of virus is found in animals and infects humans. Due to its size, it becomes easy to infect any cell.

An example of this type of virus is 

1)POLIO VIRUS

2)RHINOVIRUS

                                                     

2) SPHERICAL /ENVELOPE VIRUSES-

a spherical virus is a mostly enveloped virus because the outer layer of this virus is work as an envelope this outer layer is known by LIPID BILAYER

1)CORONA VIRUS

2)INFLUENZA VIRUS

                                                       

                                                      

           

                                                                                          

                                      
                                     

                                                                                      

3) HELICAL VIRUSES-

Such viruses are between 15 to 500 nm. If we compare this with hair so this virus is 10,000 times smaller than hair.

TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS which is found in a TOBACCO TREE is the best example of a helical virus.

                                                                    

                                                                             

                                                                           

4) COMPLEX VIRUSES-

BACTERIOPHAGE virus found in the Ganga river is a complex virus.

bacteriophage attack the bacteria and kills him.

                                          

                                                                                   

HOW YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM PROTECT YOU FROM EFFECT OF VIRUS-

                                                      

As soon as a virus enters our body, our immune system starts producing antibodies to fight the virus. But the virus is very clever, virus mutate itself very quickly. Due to this, it is difficult to identify the virus for our immune system, then we have to restore to vaccination.

According to the scientist, there are 16,70,000 unknown viruses are present on this earth that infects the animals and there are 230 known viruses that infect humans.